What are soft and softer handover in 3G UMTS mobile system? Handovers are an important part of every cellular communication system. They are used for providing mobility in cellular architectures. In UMTS systems different handover types have been introduced to cope also with other requirements as load control, coverage provisioning and offering quality of services. Handover aims to provide continuity (more ..)
3GPP specifications are backbone of 3G, IMS, HSPA, Enhanced UTRA technologies. To understand a certain aspect of a protocol stack or encoding of PDUs or to study deep into physical layer one need to understand the respective specifications. The specifications are developed taking into consideration that they should describe the behaviors of certain layer but the implementations in most (more ..)
LTE security architecture defines the security mechanism for both NAS layer and AS layer. No HO related security is covered in this document. LTE Security Distribution NAS security Carried out for NAS messages and belongs to the scope of UE and MME. In this case NAS message communication between UE and MME are Integrity protected and Ciphered with extra NAS (more ..)
GSM (Global System for Mobile Communication) is open digital cellular technology used for transmitting voice and providing data services. GSM supports voice traffic as well as data traffic in form of CSD (Circuit switched data) or HSCSD (High speed circuit switched data). Network Architecture GSM network is logically divided in two parts Access network (AN) and Core Network (CN). Access (more ..)
UE Initial Access is the process between an UE is switched on and before sending UE specific signaling or data. The different steps for initial access are described below. Cell Search and Selection Receive System information Random access procedure Cell Search and Selection In order to know the cell search and selection first we have to know the physical signals (more ..)
RRC Measurements Cheat Sheet (FDD) is a one page help guide. Cheat sheets are useful when debugging an issue or testing a test cases and you just need a quick look instead of going into the specification. In this document we have recorded all the RRC measurements and the meaning of those events. Please let us know what you think (more ..)
This is the Rohde & Schwarz LTE (E-UTRA) webinar. In this webinar basics of LTE technology are explained.